Thick stemmed wood fern, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Close up detail of the frond unfurling.

Fern, Borrer's Scaly Male Fern, Dryopteris affinis borreri, Backlit view of leaves showing pattern.

Fern, Borrer's Scaly Male Fern, Dryopteris affinis borreri, Backlit view of leaves showing pattern.

Golden male fern, Dryopteris affinis growing in a dry stone wall in Cornwall, UK.

Fern, Male fern:Dryopteris filix-mas, growing outdoor in a garden next to a pond.

Fern, Male fern:Dryopteris filix-mas, close up showing pattern.

Fern, Male fern:Dryopteris filix-mas, close up showing pattern.

Fern, Buckler fern, Dryopteris.

Japanese Shield Fern, Autumn Fern, Dryopteris erythrosora.

Japanese Shield Fern, Autumn Fern, Dryopteris erythrosora.

Fern, Wallich's wood fern, Dryopteris wallichiana.

Fern, Male fern, Dryopteris filix-mas.